Aperture & depth of field
APERTURE-When you hit the shutter release button of your camera a hole opens up that allows your cameras image sensor to catch a glimpse of the scene you’re wanting to capture. The aperture that you set impacts the size of that hole. The larger the hole the more light that gets in – the smaller the hole the less light.
Each aperture allows in half or double the amount of light as you move up or down the F stops.
Camera may also be able to move up and down the scale in smaller steps with 2 or 3 positions between the 'official' F STOPS.
DEPTH OF FIELD-Depth of Field (DOF) is that amount of your shot that will be in focus.Large depth of field means that most of your image will be in focus whether it’s close to your camera or far away (like the picture to the left where both the foreground and background are largely in focus( taken with an aperture of f/22).
Understanding your Camera:
TV-Shutter speed
AV-Aperture
M-Manual(You set both shutter speed and aperture).
Camera shake is when your camera is moving while the shutter is open and results in blur in your photos.
What is a Shutter speed?
The nominal time for which a shutter is open at a given setting.
What is fast shutter?
Fast shutter speeds have the opposite effect they freeze movement.
What is a slow shutter speed?
First off,slow shutter speed.We use this for two reasons first,because it's quite dark and we need to let more light into the camera. Secondly we use it because, we want to introduce some blur into our photos.
Each aperture allows in half or double the amount of light as you move up or down the F stops.
Camera may also be able to move up and down the scale in smaller steps with 2 or 3 positions between the 'official' F STOPS.
DEPTH OF FIELD-Depth of Field (DOF) is that amount of your shot that will be in focus.Large depth of field means that most of your image will be in focus whether it’s close to your camera or far away (like the picture to the left where both the foreground and background are largely in focus( taken with an aperture of f/22).
Understanding your Camera:
TV-Shutter speed
AV-Aperture
M-Manual(You set both shutter speed and aperture).
Camera shake is when your camera is moving while the shutter is open and results in blur in your photos.
What is a Shutter speed?
The nominal time for which a shutter is open at a given setting.
What is fast shutter?
Fast shutter speeds have the opposite effect they freeze movement.
What is a slow shutter speed?
First off,slow shutter speed.We use this for two reasons first,because it's quite dark and we need to let more light into the camera. Secondly we use it because, we want to introduce some blur into our photos.
Shutter Speed
Fast Shutter speed
Slow Shutter Speed
Exposure
A photograph's exposure determines how light or dark an image will appear when it's been captured by your camera. Believe it or not, this is determined by just three camera settings: aperture, ISO and shutter speed (the "exposure triangle"). Mastering their use is an essential part of developing an intuition for photography.
CAMERA EXPOSURE MODES;
Most digital cameras have one of the following standardized exposure modes: Auto (), Program (P), Aperture Priority (Av), Shutter Priority (Tv), Manual (M) and Bulb (B) mode. Av, Tv, and M are often called "creative modes" or "auto exposure (AE) modes." Each of these modes influences how aperture, ISO and shutter speed are chosen for a given exposure. Some modes attempt to pick all three values for you, whereas others let you specify one setting and the camera picks the other two (if possible). The following table describes how each mode pertains to exposure: |
White Balance
white balance in digital photography means adjusting colors so that the image looks more natural. We go through the process of adjusting colors to primarily get rid of color casts, in order to match the picture with what we saw when we took it. Why do we have to do this? Because most light sources (the sun, light bulbs, flashlights, etc) do not emit purely white color and have a certain “color temperature“. The human brain processes the information that comes from our eyes and automatically adjusts the color temperature, so we normally see the colors correctly. If you took a white sheet of paper and looked at it outside, it would most likely look as white as if you were to look at it indoors. What most people do not realize, however, is that there is a huge difference in color temperature between bright sunlight and indoors tungsten light.
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chiaroscuro
The term chiaroscuro has been around since the days of the Renaissance painters and it’s made its way into the world of photography. The word comes from Italian and means: light/dark. Its art connection relates to the contrasts between dark and light. While mostly reserved for strong contrasts, it also relates to the play of dark upon light or visa versa to create three dimensionality in two dimensional art forms. Photographically, it can be applied to landscapes, portraiture, black and white, interiors, architecture, motion pictures and more. Study the low light scenes in cinematography and it abounds.
The origins of chiaroscuro in photography developed with portraiture. |